Which of the following is included in income-based ONA?

The inclusion of transportation and moving/storage costs in income-based Other Needs Assistance (ONA) is appropriate because ONA is specifically designed to cover necessary expenditures that arise as a direct result of a disaster. When individuals are displaced due to a disaster, they often face additional costs related to relocating and storing their belongings, and these costs can place a significant financial burden on them. FEMA recognizes the importance of assisting individuals in covering these essential expenses to facilitate their recovery and transition to stable housing.

Other options listed, such as home renovations or cash for non-essential items, do not fall under the umbrella of income-based ONA. Home renovations, while sometimes necessary, are typically outside the scope of ONA and are instead addressed through other forms of disaster assistance. Similarly, cash for non-essential items is not covered because ONA is intended to protect against the essential expenses that were incurred due to the disaster, rather than providing discretionary cash assistance. Travel expenses could also be situational, but they usually would not qualify unless they relate directly to recovery efforts stemming from the disaster. Thus, transportation and moving/storage costs stand out as clearly aligned with the purpose of income-based ONA.